Autumn Officially Arrives Tonight
Saturday, September 22, 2018 at 7:20AM Depending on the part of the world in which you live, the season will change on either Sept. 22 or 23. That's because the equinox isn't a daylong event. Rather, the equinox is defined by the position of the Earth and the sun at a particular moment in time.
Time zones aren't the only source of confusion concerning the date of the equinox. Further complicating our calendars, the autumnal equinox can occur anytime between Sept. 21 and 24. [Autumn Equinox: 5 Odd Facts About Fall]
Tonight at 9:54 p.m. EDT (0154 GMT on Sept. 23), the sun will cross the celestial equator, or an imaginary line that projects Earth's equator into space. At this exact moment, the Northern and Southern hemispheres will receive an equal amount of sunshine, and the length of day and night will be approximately equal around the world — hence the term "equinox," which is derived from the Latin phrase meaning "equal night."
Most years, this happens on either Sept. 22 or 23. However, every once in a while, the autumn equinox can occur on Sept. 21 or 24. This happens because the length of a calendar year (365 days) is not equal to the time it takes for Earth to travel around the sun (365.25 days). To make up for this inconsistency, people have observed "leap years" for the last two millennia. By adding a "leap day" (Feb. 29) to the calendar every four years, we have managed to keep our seasons more or less consistent from year to year.
However, leap years don't ensure that equinoxes always fall on the same date. "Because of leap years, the dates of the equinoxes and solstices can shift by a day or two over time, causing the start dates of the seasons to shift, too," according to The Old Farmer's Almanac.
The last time the autumnal equinox fell on Sept. 21 was over a thousand years ago, and the last Sept. 24 equinox was in 1931, according to timeanddate.com. While it's been a long time since the equinox occurred on Sept. 21, we can expect to see it happen twice in the next century, first in 2092 and then in 2096. The next Sept. 24 equinox will be in the year 2303. (Keep in mind that these dates are based on Universal Time, so some time zones may not experience these equinoxes on the dates listed here.)
To celebrate this year's not-so-unusual autumn equinox, you can observe the Harvest Moon on Monday (Sept. 24) — and don't forget to mix some Harvest Moon cocktails!
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